Established during the Geometric period in the 8th century BC, Itanos thrived as a key maritime center, playing a vital role in trade and cultural exchanges throughout the eastern Mediterranean. Its success can be attributed to its prime coastal location, which allowed for the trade of valuable goods like Tyrian purple dye, sponges, and exquisite glassware. Throughout various historical epochs, including the Hellenistic and Roman periods, Itanos managed to maintain its independence and was known for its own coinage and temples dedicated to gods such as Asclepius and Athena.

However, by the 7th century AD, the city was abandoned, likely due to pirate attacks. Today, visitors can wander through the archaeological site, where they can see the ruins of ancient buildings, including early Christian basilicas and remnants of fortifications, providing a fascinating glimpse into its rich historical past.